The Inhibition of Cell Wall Synthesis and more. In this review, we focus on the role of bifidobacteria as members of the human intestinal microbiota and their use as probiotics in the prevention and treatment of disease. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Define the terms: spectrum of activity and broad-spectrum drugs., Identify five modes of action of antibacterial drugs and relate them to cell structure., I. Well-documented scientific evidence of their activities is currently available for bifidobacteria-containing preparations in some intestinal and extraintestinal pathologies. Thus, bacterial species are included only when clinical efficacy was demonstrated and relevant for the approved indications. For the purpose of simplification, a standardized, threshold-based assessment scheme has been introduced in which the degree of drug effectiveness is characterized as 'susceptible,' 'intermediate,' or 'resistant,' depending on the MIC value. Some Bifidobacterium strains are considered probiotic microorganisms because of their beneficial effects, and they have been included as bioactive ingredients in functional foods, mainly dairy products, as well as in food supplements and pharma products, alone, or together with, other microbes or microbial substrates. The clinical spectrum of an antibiotic is a formulation which is based upon the ability of the antibiotic to cure infections due to the designated bacteria. Indeed, some nutrients, such as human milk oligosaccharides, are important drivers of bifidobacterial development. They are among the first microbial colonizers of the intestines of newborns, and play key roles in the development of their physiology, including maturation of the immune system and use of dietary components. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Select the major targets of antimicrobial therapy:, Of these cellular targets of antimicrobials, drugs designed against which targeet are likely to have the least effective toxicity, Which of these antimicrobials has the broadet spectrum of activity and more. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria constitute the most abundant phyla in the human intestinal microbiota, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes being predominant in adults, and Actinobacteria in breast-fed infants, where bifidobacteria can reach levels higher than 90% of the total bacterial population. The genus Bifidobacterium belongs to the Actinobacteria phylum. Bifidobacteria are members of the intestinal microbiota of mammals and other animals, and some strains are able to exert health-promoting effects.
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